2001 General Information, Seed Sources, Weather Tables
The University of Illinois commercial soybean testing program was started
in 1969 as a result of requests by seedsmen that their private varieties be
tested. There were 164 conventional and 517 Roundup Ready® varieties from
61 seed companies tested in 2001.
The purpose of this commercial soybean testing program is to provide unbiased,
objective, and accurate testing of all varieties entered. The tests are conducted
on as uniform a soil as is available in the testing area. Small plots are used
to reduce the chance of soil and climatic variations occurring between one variety
plot and another.
The results of these tests should help you judge the merits of varieties in
comparison with other private and public varieties. Because your soils and management
may differ from those of the test location, you may wish to plant variety strips
of the higher-performing varieties on your farm. The results printed in this
circular should help you decide which varieties to try.
Test Program
Selection of entries. Soybean producers in Illinois and surrounding
states were invited to enter varieties, brands, or blends in the 2001 Illinois
soybean performance trials. Entrants were required to enter all nonirrigated,
30-inch-row-width trials on a regional basis. To help finance the testing program,
a fee of $70 ($75 for Roundup Ready®) per location was charged for each
entry entered by the seed producer. Most of these varieties, brands, or blends
are commercially available, but some experimental varieties were also entered.
A total of 2,655 entries were tested in 2001.
Number and location of tests. In 2001, tests were conducted at 12 locations
in the state (see map). These sites represent the major soils and maturity zones
of the state.
Nonirrigated, 30-inch-row-width trials conventional and Roundup Ready®
were conducted on a regional basis. The regions are as follows:
- Region I - DeKalb and Erie
- Region II - Monmouth, Goodfield and Dwight
- Region III - Perry, New Berlin and Urbana
- Region IV - Brownstown and Belleville
- Region V - Carbondale and Dixon Springs
Seven-inch-row-width both conventional and Roundup Ready® trials were conducted
at Urbana.
Field plot design. Entries of each test were replicated three times
in a randomized complete block or alpha lattice design. The 30-inch-row trial
plots consisted of four rows, each 21 feet long. The center two rows of each
plot were harvested to measure yield. The 7-inch-row trial plots consisted of
eight rows, each 21 feet long. The center six rows were harvested to measure
yield.
Fertility and weed control. All test locations were at a high level
of fertility. Herbicides were used at all test locations for weed control. Weed
control for the Roundup Ready® trials consisted of post-emergence applications
of Roundup as needed, no pre-emergence herbicide was used. Plots were also weeded
by hand if needed.
Method of planting and harvesting. The 30-inch-row variety trials were
planted with a modified bean planter. A custom-built, cone type, narrow-row
drill was used to plant the 7-inch trials. Harvesting was done with a small-plot
combine. No allowances were made for beans that may have been lost as a result
of combining or shattering.
Soybean Cyst Nematode. Soil samples were taken from variety plots at
each location in August and evaluated for cyst populations. Threshold numbers
of cysts per 100cc of soil are as follows:
Low 1-5
Medium 6-25
High >25
Performance Data
Yield. Soybean yield was measured in bushels (60 pounds) per acre at
a moisture content of 13 percent. An electronic moisture monitor was used on
the combine for all moisture readings.
Maturity. Maturity was stated as the date when approximately 95 percent
of the pods were ripe.
Lodging. The amount of lodging was rated at harvest time. The following
scale was used:
- Almost all plants erect
- All plants leaning slightly or a few plants down
- All plants leaning moderately (45o), or 25 to 50 percent of the plants
down
- All plants leaning considerably, or 50 to 80 percent of the plants down
- Almost all plants down
Height. Height was measured shortly before harvest as the average length
of plants from the ground to the tip of the main stem.
Shattering. The percentage of open pods was estimated at harvest time.
The following scale was used:
- No shattering
- 1 to 10% of pods open
- 10 to 25% of pods open
- 25 to 50% of pods open
- Over 50% 0f pods open
Shattering was not significant at any location.
Suggestions for Comparing Entries
It is impossible to obtain an exact measure of performance when conducting
any test of plant material. Harvesting efficiency may vary, soils may not be
uniform, and many other conditions may produce variability. Results of repeated
tests are more reliable than those of a single year or a single-strip test.
When one variety consistently out yields another at several test locations and
over several years of testing, the chances are good that this difference is
real and should be considered in selecting a variety. However, yield is not
the only indicator. You should also consider maturity, lodging, plant height
and shattering.
As an aid in comparing soybean varieties, brands, and blends within a single
trial, certain statistical tests have been devised. One of these tests, the
least significant difference (L.S.D.), when used in the manner suggested by
Carmer and Swanson1 is quite simple to apply and is more appropriate than most
other tests. When two entries are compared and the difference between them is
greater than the tabulated L.S.D. value, the entries are judged to be "significantly
different."
The L.S.D. is a number expressed in bushels per acre and presented following
the average yield for each location. An L.S.D. level of 25% is shown. Find the
highest yielding soybean variety within the regional table or single location
table of interest, subtract the 25% L.S.D. value from the highest yielding variety,
every variety with a greater yield than the resulting number is 'statistically
the same' as the highest yielding variety. Consider the merits of the varieties
in this group when making varietal selections.
In a study of the frequencies of occurrence of three types of statistical errors
and their relative seriousness, Carmer2 found strong arguments for an optimal
significance level in the range = 0.20 to 0.40, where is the Type I statistical
error rate for comparisons between means that are really equal. Herein, a value
of = 0.25 is used in computing the L.S.D. 25-percent level shown in the tables.
To make the best use of the information presented in this circular and to avoid
any misunderstanding or misrepresentation of it, the reader should consider
an additional caution about comparing entries. Readers who compare entries in
different trials or row spacings should be extremely careful, because no statistical
tests are presented for that purpose. Readers should note that the difference
between a single entry's performance at one location or row spacing and its
performance at another is caused primarily by environmental effects and random
variability. Furthermore, the difference between the performance of entry A
in one trial or row spacing and the performance of entry B in another trial
or row spacing is the result not only of environmental effects and random variability,
but of genetic effects as well.
1Carmer, S.G. and M.R. Swanson. "An
Evaluation of Ten Pairwise Multiple Comparison Procedures by Monte Carlo Methods."
Journal of American Statistical Association 68:66-74. 1973.
2Carmer, S.G. "Optimal Significance
Levels for Application of the Least Significant Difference in Crop Performance
Trials." Crop Science 16:95-99, 1976.
2001 Test Fields
Erie
- Location: Slaymaker farm, Whiteside county, west of Rock Falls, northwestern
Illinois.
- Soil Type: Beaucoup silty clay loam.
- Cooperator: Robert Slaymaker.
- Planting Date: May 9 (conventional), May 15 (Roundup).
- Harvest Date: October 18.
- Herbicide:PRE- Boundary, Post- FirstRate, Select
- Roundup trial: Post- Roundup
- Tillage: fall chisel, spring field cultivate.
- S.C.N.: low.
DeKalb
- Location: University of Illinois, Northern Illinois Agronomy Research Center,
DeKalb County, southwest of DeKalb.
- Soil type: Flanagan silt loam (dark brown, adequately drained, highly fertile).
- Cooperators: Lyle Paul, research director; Dave Lindgren, farm foreman.
- Planting date: May 10.
- Harvest dates: October 19.
- Herbicide: Post- Basagran, FirstRate, Select.
- Roundup trial: Post- Roundup.
- Tillage: fall plow, spring mulch finisher (twice).
- S.C.N.: medium.
Goodfield
- Location: Wurmnest farm, Woodford county, north of Goodfield, central Illinois.
- Cooperator: Mike Wurmnest.
- Soil Type: Ipava silt loam.
- Planting date: May 8.
- Harvest date: September 28 & October 21.
- Herbicide: PRE- Boundary, Post- FirstRate, Select.
- Roundup trial: Post- Roundup.
- Tillage: fall chisel, spring soil finisher (twice).
- S.C.N. medium.
Dwight
- Location: Livingston County, Zabel Farm.
- Soil type: Elliott silty clay loam.
- Cooperator: Larry Zabel.
- Planting date: May 8.
- Harvest dates: October 1 & 20.
- Herbicide: PRE- Boundary, Post- FirstRate, Select.
- Roundup trial : Post- Roundup.
- Tillage: fall disk, chisel, spring field cultivate.
- S.C.N.: medium.
Monmouth
- Location: University of Illinois, Northwestern Illinois Agricultural Research
and Demonstration Center, Warren County, northwest of Monmouth.
- Soil type: Muscatine silt loam.
- Cooperators: Eric Adee, agronomist; Martin Johnson, farm foreman.
- Planting date: May 9.
- Harvest dates: October 2, 12 & 18.
- Herbicide: PRE- Dual II, FirstRate.
- Roundup trial: Post- Roundup, Assure.
- Tillage: fall chisel, spring field cultivate.
- S.C.N.: Roundup trial-none, Conventional trial-medium.
Urbana
- Location: University of Illinois, Crop Sciences Research & Education
Center, Champaign County, east central Illinois.
- Soil type: Flanagan silt loam (dark brown, adequately drained).
- Cooperators: Robert Dunker, farm manager; Mike Kleiss, farm foreman.
- Planting dates: May 7 & 14.
- Harvest dates: September 14, 17 & 22, October 4 & 22.
- Herbicide: PRE-Boundary, Post-FirstRate, Select.
- Roundup trial: Post- Roundup.
- Tillage: fall deep rip, spring field cultivate.
- S.C.N.: medium.
Perry
- Location: Orr Agricultural Research and Demonstration Center, near Perry,
Pike County, west central Illinois.
- Soil type: Rozetta silt loam.
- Cooperators: Glenn Raines, research director; Mike Vose, farm foreman.
- Planting date: May 4.
- Harvest dates: September 12 & October 3.
- Herbicide: PRE- Boundary, Post- FirstRate, Poast Plus.
- Roundup trial: Post- Roundup.
- Tillage: fall deep chisel, spring field cultivate.
- S.C.N.: medium.
New Berlin
- Location: King farm, Sangamon county, north of New Berlin, Central Illinois.
- Cooperator: Ike King.
- Soil type: Sable silty-clay loam.
- Planting date: May 3.
- Harvest date: September 13, 29 & 30.
- Herbicide: PRE- Boundary, Post- FirstRate, Select.
- Roundup trial: Post- Roundup.
- Tillage: fall chisel, spring field cultivate.
- S.C.N. low.
Brownstown
- Location: University of Illinois, Brownstown Agronomy Research Center, Fayette
County, south central Illinois.
- Soil type: Cisne silt loam (poorly drained, gray prairie with a well-developed
claypan).
- Cooperators: Adam Anderson, research director; Lindell Deal, field worker.
- Planting date: May 1.
- Harvest dates: September 25, October 8 & 9.
- Herbicide: Post- Basagran, Blazer, Cobra, Fusion, Pursuit.
- Roundup trial: Post- Roundup.
- Tillage: spring combination tillage tool.
- S.C.N.: high.
Belleville
- Location: Southern Illinois University Research Center, east of Belleville,
St. Clair County.
- Soil type: Conventional, Weir silt loam. Roundup, Herrick silt loam.
- Cooperators: Dr. Ed Varsa, research director; Ron Krausz, field manager.
- Planting date: May 2.
- Harvest date: September 26, October 8.
- Herbicide: PPI- Triscept+Treflan.
- Roundup trial: Post- Roundup.
- Insecticide: Warrior (Japanese Beetle).
- Tillage: fall chisel, spring disk, & cultimulcher.
- S.C.N.: high.
Carbondale
- Location: Oval Myers farm, North of Carbondale, Jackson County, extreme
southern Illinois.
- Soil type: Weir silt loam (shallow, silty loam over claypan).
- Cooperators: Dr. Ed Varsa, research director; Paul Pinnon, field manager.
- Planting date: May 3.
- Harvest dates: September 27, October 9 & 22.
- Herbicide: PRE- Canopy XL, Post- Select.
- Roundup trial: Post- Roundup.
- Tillage: spring disk & field cultivate.
- S.C.N.: low.
Dixon Springs
- Location: University of Illinois Dixon Springs Agricultural Center, Pope
County, extreme southern Illinois.
- Soil type: Belknap silt loam (light-colored, moderately well-drained, medium-textured
bottomland).
- Cooperators: Steve Ebelhar, research director; Carl Hart, research specialist.
- Planting date: May 2.
- Harvest dates: September 27, October 9,22.
- Herbicide: Pre- Canopy, Post- None
- Roundup trial: Post- Roundup.
- Tillage: spring disk (twice).
- S.C.N.: high.
2001 Growing Season Rainfall
Location |
May |
June |
July |
August |
September |
Erie |
4.25 |
1.85 |
2.25 |
2.25 |
3.50 |
DeKalb |
3.34 |
2.64 |
0.96 |
1.97 |
5.20 |
Goodfield |
3.90 |
3.10 |
2.60 |
3.70 |
2.10 |
Dwight |
2.10 |
4.57 |
1.58 |
6.44 |
4.20 |
Monmouth |
9.65 |
4.03 |
3.41 |
2.42 |
3.90 |
Urbana |
3.16 |
3.11 |
3.67 |
4.66 |
3.10 |
Perry |
4.43 |
5.61 |
1.64 |
4.47 |
2.77 |
New Berlin |
5.40 |
4.10 |
1.80 |
3.90 |
1.90 |
Brownstown |
4.11 |
4.49 |
3.43 |
2.88 |
1.88 |
Belleville |
4.90 |
2.10 |
5.80 |
4.10 |
2.70 |
Carbondale |
8.32 |
4.10 |
2.14 |
7.86 |
2.23 |
Dixon Springs |
3.35 |
3.72 |
6.34 |
3.90 |
3.72 |
Sources of Seed
- Agrinetics, Agrinetics, Inc., 1528 N. Loomis St., Naperville, IL 60566 (630-355-1054)
- Agripro, Garst Seed Co., 2369 330 St., Box 500 Slater, IA 50244 (515-685-5000)
- AgVenture,AgVenture Seeds 1763 E 200 N Rd Hoopeston Il 60942 (217-375 4335)
- Asgrow, Monsanto, 3100 Sycamore Road, Dekalb, IL 60115 (800-335-2676)
- Baker, Baker Seed Company, 610 W. Seminary St., West Salem, IL 62476 (618-456-8851)
- Beck's, Beck's Superior Hybrids, 6767 East 276 th. St., Atlanta, IN 46031
(800-937-2325)
- Belleville, Belleville Seed House, Inc., 3400 S. Illinois St., Belleville,
IL 62220-5808 (618-235-2626)
- Bergmann-Taylor, Bergmann-Taylor, Inc., 10073 Ellis Rd. St. Jacob, IL 62281
(618-644-5522)
- BioGene, BioGene Seeds, 5491 Tri-County Rd., Sardinia, OH 45171 (937-444-6422)
- Brown, Brown Seed Enterprises, 289 Co. Rd. 550 N., Neoga, IL 62447 (217-895-2335)
- Crow`s, Crow's Hybrid Corn Co., 612 E. Dunlap St., Kentland, IN 47951 (800-331-7201)
- Dairyland, Dairyland Seed Co. Inc., P. O. Box 958, 3570 Hwy H West Bend,
WI 53095 (800-236-0163)
- Dekalb, Monsanto, 3100 Sycamore Road, Dekalb, IL 60115 (800-335-2676)
- Delta King, Delta King Seed Co. 522 Poplar Av., McCrory, AR 72101 (870-731-5484)
- Delta & Pine Land, Delta & Pine Land Co., P.O. Box 157, Scott, MS
38772 (888-792-6787)
- DeRaedt, DeRaedt Seed Co., 10N 971 Tower Rd., Hampshire, IL 60140 (847-464-5553)
- Diener, Diener Seed, Inc., 371 N. Diener Rd. Reynolds, IN 47980 (800-545-8611)
- Excel, Excel Brand, 116 E. State, Camp Point, IL 62320 (800-593-7708)
- Excel, Hoffman Seed House, P.O. Box 66, Hoffman, IL 62250 (618-495-2617)
- Excel, Illinois Pride Genetics, 21614 N. State Hwy 130, Hidalgo, IL 62432
(618-793-2220)
- Excel, Miller Bros. Farm & Fert., 2001 Niemansville Trail, Walshville,
IL 62091 (217-456-9311)
- Excel, Monier Sees & Service, RR1 Box 192, Sparland, IL 61565 (309-469-2511)
- Excel, Rovey Seed Company, P.O. Box 145, Farmersville IL 62553 (217-227-4541)
- FS HISOY, Growmark Inc., 1701 Towanda Av., Bloomington, IL 61701 (309-557-6399)
- Gateway, Gateway Seed Co.,5517 Van Buren Rd., Nashville, IL 62263 (618-327-8000)
- Golden Harvest, Golden Seed Co., 220 N. Eldorado Rd., Suite E, Bloomington,
IL 61701 (217-935 2171)
- Golden Harvest, Golden Seed Co. L.L.C., 27525 135 th Av. N., Cordova, IL
61242 (800-421-1169)
- Great Lakes, Great Lakes Hybrids, 9915 W. M-21, Ovid, MI 48866 (517-834-2251)
- Henkel, Henkel Seeds Inc., 107 Cedar Grove Rd., Mendota, IL 61342 (815-539-9317)
- High Cycle, Stone Seed Farms Inc. 5965 W. State Rt. 97, Pleasant Plains,
IL. 62667 (217-546-8006)
- High Cycle, Trelay Seed, 11623 Hwy. 80, Livingston, WI. 53554 (608-943-6363)
- Hoblit, Hoblit Seed Co., P.O. Box 487, Atlanta, IL 61723 (217-648-2392)
- Horizon, Horizon Genetics, LLC. P. O. Box 31, Mason City, IL 62664 (800-533-2879)
- Hughs, Hughs Seed farms Inc., 206 N. Hughs Rd., Woodstock, IL 60098 (815-338-2480)
- Kaltenberg, Kaltenberg Seeds, 5506 State Hwy. 19, Waunakee, WI 53597-0278
(608-849-5201)
- Kitchen, Kitchen Seed Company Inc., P.O.Box 286, Arthur, IL 61911 (217-543-3476)
- Kruger, Kruger Seed Co., 33938 160 th. St., Dike, IA 50624 (800-772-2721)
- Latham, Latham Seed Co., 131 180 th. St., Alexander, IA 50420-8028 (641-692-3258)
- Lewis, Lewis Hybrids, Inc., W. Maple St. Box 38, Ursa, IL 62376 (217-964-2131)
- Mark, Mark Seed Co., P.O. Box 67, 823 W. 2nd, Perry, IA 50220 (515-465-2122)
- Martin, Martin Seeds, Inc., 10045 West Second St., Williamsport, IN 47993
(765-986-2030)
- Merschman, Merschman Seeds Inc., 103 Ave. D, West Point, IA 52656 (800-848-7333)
- Midwest, Midwest Seed Genetics, 23751 Hwy. 30 East, Carroll, IA 51401 (800-369-8218)
- Miles, Miles Seed P.O. Box 22879, Owensboro, KY 42304-2879 (800-666-4537)
- MWS, MWS Seeds, 2737 N. 700 E. Rd., Ashkum, IL 60911 (815-698-2204)
- Pioneer, Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc., RR 21 Box 431, Carol Dr.,
Bloomington, IL 61704 (800-950-3489)
- Prairie Brand, Prairie Brand Seed Co., 15 X Avenue, Story City, IA 50248
(515-733-2101)
- Public Varieties, Illinois Foundation Seeds, Inc., P. O. Box 722, Champaign,
IL 61820 (217-485-6260)
- QTI, Quality Traders Inc., 2333 N. Waukegan Rd., Bannockburn, IL 60015 (800-262-5676)
- Renk, Renk Seed Co. 6800 Wilburn Rd., Sun Prairie, WI 53590 (608-837-7351)
- Roeschley, Roeschley Hybrids, 8222 E. 1500N Rd., Graymont, IL 61743 (815-743-5938)
- Schillinger, Schillinger Seed Company, 3447 Maffitt Lake Road, Cumming,
IA 50061 (515-256-8960)
- Sieben, Sieben Hybrids, 633 N. College Avenue, Geneseo, IL 61254 (309-944-5131)
- Southern States, Southern States Coop., P.O. Box 26234, Richmond, VA 23260
(804-281-1203)
- Specialty Grains, Specialty Grains, Inc., 231 N. Sangamon, Gibson City,
IL 60936 (217-784-4400)
- Steyer, Steyer Seeds, 6154 N. Co. Rd. 33, Tiffin, OH 44883 (419-992-4570)
- Stine, Stine Seed Co., 2225 Laredo Trail, Adel, IA 50003 (800-362-2510)
- Stone, Stone Seed Farms, 5965 W. State Rt. 97, Plesant Plains, IL 62677
(217-546-8006)
- Strike, Strike Brand Genetics, 702 St. Rd. 28 E. Romney, IN 47981 (800-822-7134)
- Sun Prairie, Champaign County Seed Co., 1676 CR 2200 E., St. Joseph, IL
61873 (217-469-2351)
- Trelay, Trelay Seeds, 11623 Hwy. 80, Livingston, WI 53554 (608-943-6363)
- Trisler, Trisler Seed Farms, Inc., 3274 E. 800 N. Rd., Fairmount, IL 61841
(217-288-9301)
- UAP, UAP Richter., P.O. Box 230, Pittsfield, IL 62363 (217-285-4461)
- United Suppliers, United Suppliers, Inc., P.O. Box 538, Eldora, IA 50627
(641-858-2341)
- Vigoro, Royster Clark, Inc. 70 N. Market St. Mt. Sterling, OH 43143 (740-689-2181)
- Wilken, Wilken Seed Grains, Inc., P.O. Box 770, Pontiac, IL 61764 (815-844-3458)
- Willcross, Willcross Seed Development Assn., P.O. Box 560 / 28700 S. State
Rt. T, Garden City, MO 64747 (877-862-6326)